Before the MUM, we assessed the peak oxygen uptake ( V ˙ O 2 peak) by means of an incremental graded running test. Methods: The international race supporting the study was the Tor des Geants ®, characterized by 330 km with +24,000 m D+ to be covered within 150 h. Purpose: To provide insights into the energy requirements as well as the physiological adaptations of an experienced 50-year-old ultra-marathon male athlete during the world's most challenging mountain ultra-marathon (MUM).

6Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

5ISSUL, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

4Department of Health Research, University of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.

3Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

2CeRiSM, Research Centre ‘Sport, Mountain and Health', University of Verona, Rovereto, Italy.

1Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Millet 5, Gianluca Vernillo 2,6 and Federico Schena 1,2 Aldo Savoldelli 1,2 *, Alessandro Fornasiero 1,2, Pietro Trabucchi 1,2, Eloisa Limonta 3, Antonio La Torre 3, Francis Degache 4,5, Barbara Pellegrini 1,2, Grégoire P.

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